Latvian Prime Minister Aigars Kalvītis, who is facing perhaps his biggest political challenge at home, will visit the United States for two days Oct. 31 and Nov. 1 to meet with officials in Washington, D.C.

The prime minister’s agenda includes continued political dialogue with U.S. officials, as well as lobbying for Latvia admittance to the Visa Waiver Program.

Kalvītis is expected to meet with Vice President Dick Cheney, Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice, Homeland Security Secretary Michael Chertoff and other officials, the prime minister’s office said in a press release.

The trip in part is intended to highlight the 85th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relationships between Latvia and the United States.

In Latvia, Kalvītis’ coalition government is under pressure over several recent controversial actions that has opponents calling for the prime minister’s resignation and dissolution of parliament.

Also traveling to the United States will be Interior Minister Ivars Godmanis, whose agenda includes a meeting with the Washington-area Latvian community. The meeting is scheduled following the 11 a.m. service Sunday, Nov. 4, in the Latvian Ev.-Lutheran Church of Washington, D.C., 400 Hurley Ave., Rockville, Md.

In an effort to earn visa-free travel privileges for Latvian citizens wanting to visit the United States, the American Latvian Association is calling on Latvian-Americans to urge their federal lawmakers to support two bills under consideration in Congress.

The ALA issued a “call to action” on Oct. 19 urging passage of similar Senate and House of Representatives bills—S. 653 and H.R. 1543—that could ease Latvia’s path into the Visa Waiver Program. Both bills would lift the “rate of refusal” threshold that has held back a number of Eastern and Central European countries’ admission to the program, instead allowing the federal government to consider consistent progress in reducing the number of visa refusals.

Embassy officials reject one in five requests by Latvian citizens for U.S. visas.

Citizens of Latvia and other Eastern European countries got a small boost with passage of the Implementing the 9/11 Commission Recommendations Act of 2007, which became law in August. One provision of the law lowered the threshold for admittance to the visa-waiver program by setting the acceptable rate of refusal for nonimmigrant visas to 10 percent during the previous fiscal year. Before, a country’s rate of refusal for U.S. visas had to be 3 percent or less.

That did not bode well for Latvia, Lithuania and a number of other countries where the rate of refusal remains well above 10 percent.

“Because of the refusal rate provisions,” the ALA said in an e-mailed announcement, “hundreds of thousands of people from allied countries will be denied the chance to visit the U.S. for business or for pleasure, to learn what a great and free country America is.”

Latvia’s rate of refusal in fiscal 2006 was 21.6 percent, according to the U.S. State Department, while Lithuania’s was 27.7 percent. Of the three Baltic countries, only Estonia is under the new threshold at 7.1 percent.

The ALA’s announcement, citing State Department data, said Latvia’s rate for fiscal year 2007 has dropped to 11.8 percent—still above the new threshold.

“This is an insulting and degrading position for Latvia and Lithuania who since the first day of their independence have been strong and loyal allies of the U.S.,” the ALA announcement continues. “The two are members of NATO and the European Union, have viable, open democratic governments and free market economies, and are the fastest growing economies in the world.”

S. 653, titled the Secure Travel and Counterterrorism Partnership Act, calls for expanding the visa waiver program to countries, such as Latvia, that are allies in the war on terrorism.

Among other provisions, the bill allows the Department of Homeland Security flexibility with the visa waiver program if a country seeking the waiver meets four provisions, including “a sustained reduction in visa refusal rates for aliens from the country and conditions exist to continue such reduction.”

The Senate bill was introduced on Feb. 15 and referred to the Judiciary Committee, where it remains.

The similar House bill, titled the Visa Waiver Modernization Act, was introduced March 15 and referred to the Judiciary and Homeland Security committees.

Latvian officials for several years have been negotiating the visa waiver issue with their U.S. counterparts.

Negotiations also have been held with Canadian officials. Latvian and Lithuanian citizens still need visas to travel to Canada, but Estonians do not.

Prime Minister Aigars Kalvītis easily survived a vote of no confidence Oct. 23 in Latvia’s parliament, the Saeima, but his government’s troubles may not be over.

The vote was called for by the opposition party New Era (Jaunais laiks). The governing coalition led by Kalvītis in the most cynical manner has turned against heads of law enforcement agencies, the party said in a press release, referring—among other issues—to the recent dismissal of the director of the state-run Corruption Prevention and Combating Bureau (Korupcijas novēršanas un apkarošanas birojs, or KNAB).

“By continuing to exist, the Kalvītis government constantly deepens not only the national crisis in the rule of law, but also in the economy,” the party said. “The nation needs a coalition that can restore the people’s trust and solve the gigantic problems.”

Fifty-six members of parliament voted against the resolution, 38 voted for it and one abstained.

The anti-corruption organization Delna was scheduled to begin the first of a series of pickets Oct. 24 outside the Saeima building. Delna has announced it will picket on mornings when the parliament is meeting until the government reverses its decision to fire KNAB head Aleksejs Loskutovs.

The Cabinet of Ministers dismissed Loskutovs over what it said were accounting irregularities in his office. Critics of the government decision say the dismissal is an attempt to deflect the bureau’s attention away from pursuing corrupt politicians.

Artis Pabriks on Oct. 19 quit his post as foreign minister in protest of the firing.